Peace of Utrecht
France signs five bilateral peace treaties at Utrecht
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Original prompt & settings (JSON) ↗The "Treaty of Utrecht" signed that day was five separate treaties, each pairing France with a different former enemy — and Spain was not among them.
11 April 1713: five treaties, not one
At Utrecht on 11 April 1713, French plenipotentiaries concluded separate peace treaties with Great Britain, the Dutch Republic, Portugal, Prussia and Savoy. These were bilateral instruments; no single document was signed by every belligerent.
The year is 1713, not 1714. For the Anglo-French instrument, 11 April is the New Style date — British records give the same signing as 31 March 1713, Old Style.
What the British treaty carried
The France–Britain instrument declared reciprocal peace and incorporated the renunciations intended to prevent the French and Spanish crowns from being united. France recognized the Protestant succession and withdrew support from James Francis Edward Stuart.
It also ceded or recognized British possession of Hudson Bay, Newfoundland, Acadia/Nova Scotia and St Kitts, and accepted the dismantling of Dunkirk's fortifications.
Who was still at war
The other four instruments addressed Dutch barrier and commercial interests, the Prussian title and territories, Savoy and Nice, and the France–Portugal boundary in northern South America.
Spain and the Holy Roman Emperor were not parties to any of the five. Spain's treaties with Britain and Savoy followed on 13 July 1713, and Emperor Charles VI rejected the Utrecht terms and remained at war with France.
Sources
Researched 23 Aug 2026 6 sources 2 audit passes Date corrected
How this was checked
Researched from the web into a fact sheet, rewritten from that sheet, then audited against it by a different model. How the pipeline works →
Date corrected. The research places this at 1713-04-11.
What the sources leave uncertain
- The listed year 1714 is erroneous. The five French treaties were signed in 1713.
- For the Anglo-French instrument, 11 April 1713 is the New Style/Gregorian date; British records also give 31 March 1713 Old Style. The year is 1713 in either calendar.
Checked against
- The Peace of Utrecht and the Balance of Power — Oxford University Press
- Treaties of Utrecht, 1713–1715 — Larousse
- Treaty of Utrecht, 31 March–11 April 1713 — PrimaryDocuments.ca
- Traité d’Utrecht — University of Perpignan, Digithèque MJP
- Peace Treaties and International Law in European History — Cambridge University Press treaty table
- The Treaties of Utrecht — collected treaty texts and bibliography